Prayagraj, Jan 16: The Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj of Uttar Pradesh began on Jan 13 and over 60 crore people gathered here after 144 years.
But do you know back in the 19th century, under British colonial rule, the Kumbh Mela was transformed into a tool of exploitation?
The Britishers saw the Kumbh Mela as an opportunity for revenue, not a religious gathering. They imposed a "Kumbh Tax," charging every visitor a fee of Re 1 to take a holy dip at the sacred Sangam.
Considering the average Indian’s monthly earnings were under Rs 10, this tax was a heavy burden. A tailor earned just Rs 8 a month, while a sweeper made only Rs 4.
Not only did they tax the pilgrims, but they also taxed the local businesses that thrived during the fair. In 1870, the British set up 3,000 barber stations, earning a hefty Rs 42,000 from them. The barbers themselves were taxed Rs 4 each.
Resentment began to build among locals whose earnings were impacted by the tax. Tensions heightened after the arrival of Christian missionaries who encouraged the Hindu devotees to convert.
During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the local Brahmins of Prayagraj supported the revolutionaries, providing refuge to figures like Rani Lakshmibai.
In 1942, during the Quit India Movement, the British banned pilgrims from attending, citing the threat of a Japanese attack. However, many historians believe this was a move to suppress the growing nationalist sentiment.
Today, the Kumbh Mela stands as a symbol of spiritual unity and national pride, its history deeply entwined with India's struggle for freedom and independence.
